zelus

Zelus is a genus of predatory true bugs in the family Reduviidae, commonly known as assassin bugs. The genus contains numerous described species distributed mainly in the Americas, from the United States through tropical regions of Central and South America. Members of Zelus are typically slender, with elongated bodies and legs, and they often assume a poised stance ready to strike at prey. Forelegs may be adapted for grasping, aiding their predatory lifestyle.

Hunting and behavior: Zelus species are active hunters that stalk or ambush a variety of prey, including caterpillars, aphids, leafhoppers, beetles, and other arthropods. They inject prey with saliva containing digestive enzymes and, in some cases, toxic compounds through their sharp rostrum. Several species possess specialized sticky secretions on their forelegs that help capture and hold onto prey, which they may also lick or rub onto their legs to maintain the sticky coating.

Ecology and significance: In natural and agricultural ecosystems, Zelus bugs can be beneficial by contributing to biological pest control. They are usually not aggressive toward humans, but they can bite if handled, and the bite can be painful though it is not typically dangerous. The genus includes species such as Zelus longipes, which are often found in fields, gardens, and other vegetation where they prey on herbivorous pests. Zelus thus exemplifies the predatory diversity within Reduviidae and highlights the varied hunting strategies among assassin bugs.