yacaré

Yacaré is a common name used in Spanish for caimans, crocodilian reptiles of the family Alligatoridae native to South America. The term is used for several species in the genus Caiman, especially the yacare caiman (Caiman yacare). Other well-known caimans include the spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus) and the broad-nosed caiman (Caiman latirostris).

Distribution and habitat: The yacare caiman occurs across central South America—Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay—inhabiting freshwater rivers, floodplains, marshes and wetlands. Related species occupy broader ranges in northern and eastern South America and parts of Central America.

Description: Caimans are medium-sized crocodilians. Adults commonly range from 1.5 to 2 meters, though individuals over 2 meters occur. They have a heavy body, a long snout with sharp teeth, and a dorsal armor of bony scutes. Their skin is valued for leather.

Ecology and behavior: They are ambush predators, feeding on fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and small mammals. They are proficient swimmers, bask to regulate temperature, and may be active at night in warm seasons.

Reproduction: Maturity is reached after several years, varying by species. Females build nest mounds near water and lay clutches of eggs, typically in the tens. Incubation lasts several weeks; hatchlings are vulnerable and often leave the nest with some parental protection.

Conservation: Most caiman species are not currently endangered, but populations face threats from habitat loss and illegal hunting for skins. They are protected by national laws and international trade agreements; some species are listed in the CITES Appendices.