volutraumabarotraume

Volutraumabarotraume, a term combining "volume," "trauma," and "barotrauma," describes a specific type of injury resulting from rapid or excessive fluid administration under pressure. This can occur in various medical contexts, most notably during intravenous fluid resuscitation or in cases of overhydration. The underlying mechanism involves the body's tissues being subjected to an abnormal volume of fluid, which can lead to increased pressure within interstitial spaces and cellular compartments.

The consequences of volutraumabarotraume can range from mild edema and discomfort to more severe complications. In severe cases, it can impair organ function by compressing blood vessels and limiting oxygen supply. This is particularly concerning in critical care settings where patients may already be hemodynamically unstable. Symptoms might include swelling, shortness of breath due to pulmonary edema, and reduced urine output if kidney function is compromised.

Diagnosis often relies on clinical presentation, fluid balance monitoring, and imaging studies. Management focuses on immediately halting or reducing fluid administration and employing diuretics or other measures to facilitate fluid removal. Prevention is key and involves careful calculation and monitoring of fluid rates, especially in vulnerable patient populations. Understanding the risks associated with aggressive fluid therapy is crucial for healthcare professionals to avoid this iatrogenic injury.