visuallearning

Visual learning is a mode of information processing in which individuals prefer or benefit from visual representations such as diagrams, charts, maps, videos, and pictures to understand and remember information.

The concept is linked to learning style theories that categorize learners by sensory modalities, such as the VARK model, but contemporary research cautions against assuming fixed learning styles. Instead, cognitive theories such as dual coding theory propose that information is encoded in both verbal and visual representations, and memory improves when both channels are engaged.

Common techniques used to support visual learning include diagrams, flowcharts, mind maps, infographics, color coding, annotated screenshots, concept maps, visual note-taking, video demonstrations, and simulations. Visual supports can be created with a range of digital and analog tools and are often designed with attention to readability and accessibility.

Applications of visual learning span education across disciplines, professional training, science communication, data visualization, software tutorials, and design.

Benefits of visual learning include improved comprehension and recall for spatial, relational, and process information, and enhanced engagement when visuals complement text or speech. Limitations include that some content is difficult to visualize, overreliance on visuals can distract from core concepts, and poorly designed visuals may increase cognitive load.

Evidence on the effectiveness of visual learning is mixed. When visuals are well integrated with verbal explanations, learning outcomes can improve, but broad claims about fixed "visual learners" lack robust support. Best practices emphasize multimodal instruction and careful visual design.