vindkast

Vindkast is a meteorological term describing a short, rapid increase in wind speed. A wind gust is a transient rise in the instantaneous wind speed above the mean wind for a period of seconds to about a minute, after which the wind generally returns to previous levels. Gusts are typically defined by the maximum speed reached during a given observation period and are reported separately from the steady wind component.

Gusts occur in conjunction with weather systems and local turbulence. They are commonly associated with frontal passages, thunderstorms and convective activity, sea and land breezes, and turbulent terrain such as hills, buildings, or forests. Strong gusts can arise from mechanical turbulence around obstacles or from rapid changes in air temperature and pressure.

Measurement and reporting are carried out with anemometers at weather stations. Gusts are expressed as speeds, often in meters per second or kilometers per hour, and are distinguished from the average wind speed. The gust factor describes the difference between gust speed and sustained wind speed and helps convey the intensity of gusts relative to the prevailing wind.

Impacts and safety considerations include hazards for aviation, maritime operations, construction, and outdoor activities. Sudden gusts can destabilize vehicles, topple loose objects, and increase the risk of falling debris. During forecast gustiness, it is advised to secure loose objects, seek shelter when appropriate, and exercise caution in exposed areas.

Etymology: vindkast is Swedish for wind gust, with vind meaning wind and kast meaning burst or throw. The term is used in meteorological contexts within Swedish-speaking regions. See also gust front and microburst.