viburnum

Viburnum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Adoxaceae that includes about 150 species of shrubs and small trees. They are native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and to montane tropical areas, with many species cultivated as ornamentals. In the wild they commonly occur in woodlands, thickets, hedges, and damp edges.

Most Viburnum species are deciduous, though several evergreen forms exist. They typically have opposite, simple leaves with serrated margins. Flowers are produced in spring in flat-topped or domed cymes that often include both sterile outer florets and smaller fertile ones, giving a showy display and fragrance in many kinds. Fruits are drupes that mature to red, blue, black, or orange depending on species, and are frequently consumed by birds.

In cultivation, viburnums are valued for year-round interest: spring blossoms, attractive foliage, and winter berries. They tolerate a range of soils but prefer moisture-retentive, well-drained conditions and most grow in sun to partial shade. They are popular as specimen plants, in hedges or mixed borders. Pruning requirements vary; many species bloom on old wood, while others respond well to after-bloom shaping.

Ecology and use: Viburnums attract pollinators and provide food for wildlife through their fruit. They are generally low-maintenance and widely grown in temperate gardens. Some berries can be mildly toxic to humans if eaten in quantity, though birds readily consume them. Numerous cultivars exist, selected for flower display, fragrance, foliage, berry color, or overall garden performance.