võrgurutter

A võrgurutter, often simply called a router, is a networking hardware device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the internet and within private networks. They are essential for connecting multiple networks together, such as connecting a home network to the internet service provider's network.

Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model. They examine the destination IP address of each data packet and use a routing table to determine the best path to forward the packet to its destination. This process allows for efficient and directed communication across vast and complex networks like the internet.

In a home or small office setting, a wireless router is commonly used. This type of router not only forwards data packets but also provides wireless connectivity, allowing devices like laptops, smartphones, and tablets to connect to the network without cables using Wi-Fi. These devices typically also include a switch component, enabling multiple wired devices to connect simultaneously.

Routers play a crucial role in network security. They can be configured with firewalls to block unwanted incoming traffic and prevent unauthorized access to the network. They also manage network address translation (NAT), which allows multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address when connecting to the internet. The configuration and management of routers are typically done through a web-based interface.