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Tendinitis, also known as tendonitis, is a type of inflammation or irritation of a tendon, which is the thick, fibrous cord that attaches muscle to bone. The condition is often caused by repetitive, vigorous movements, which can lead to tiny tears in the tendon. This can result in pain, tenderness, and swelling near a joint. Tendinitis can occur in any tendon in the body, but it is most commonly seen in the shoulders, elbows, wrists, knees, and heels.

The most common types of tendinitis include rotator cuff tendinitis in the shoulder, lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) in the elbow, patellar tendinitis (jumper's knee) in the knee, and Achilles tendinitis in the ankle. The symptoms of tendinitis typically include pain and tenderness near a joint, which may worsen during or after activity. Swelling and warmth may also be present in the affected area.

Tendinitis is usually diagnosed through a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, ultrasounds, or MRIs, may be used to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions. Treatment for tendinitis typically involves rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) to reduce pain and inflammation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be recommended to help manage pain and swelling.

In severe cases, physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, or surgery may be required. To prevent tendinitis, it is important to warm up before physical activity, gradually increase the intensity and duration of exercise, and use proper technique and equipment. Stretching and strengthening exercises can also help improve flexibility and strength, reducing the risk of tendinitis. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is important to seek medical attention.