tehiskihti

Tehiskihti is a Finnish term that is used in some contexts to refer to an artificial or prosthetic joint. In medical discussions, it denotes a surgically implanted joint designed to replace a damaged natural joint, most commonly the hip or knee, but also other joints such as the shoulder or ankle. The concept covers the prosthetic components, surgical techniques, and rehabilitation required to restore mobility and function.

The development of artificial joints began in earnest in the mid-20th century, with advances in materials, design, and surgical methods. Modern joint replacements use combinations of metals, ceramics, and durable polymers to withstand repeated movement and weight-bearing. Common configurations include total joint replacements, where the entire joint is replaced, and partial replacements that address only the affected portion.

Materials and design have evolved to improve longevity, reduce wear, and minimize complications. Components are often fixed to bone with bone cement or press-fit designs that encourage bone ingrowth. Surface coatings such as hydroxyapatite can promote integration, while modular designs allow customization to patient anatomy. Imaging and computer-assisted techniques support accurate positioning.

Outcomes for joint replacement are generally favorable, with significant improvements in pain and function for many patients. Potential risks include infection, blood clots, loosening or wear of the implant, and the need for revision surgery. Regulatory oversight and standardized testing guide device approval and post-market surveillance. Ongoing research focuses on personalized implants, advanced biomaterials, and improvements in rehabilitation protocols.