tattooist

A tattooist is a person who applies permanent ink to the skin by inserting pigment with needles. In practice the term is often used interchangeably with tattoo artist or tattooer, though some practitioners distinguish between artists who create original designs and technicians who primarily execute client requests. Tattooing is performed in studios that follow health and safety regulations.

The process typically begins with a consultation to determine design, placement, and size. A stencil or freehand drawing guides the work. The tattooist prepares the client’s skin, selects appropriate needles and ink, and uses a regulated tattoo machine or rotary device. During the session the artist repeatedly punctures the skin to deposit pigment, often in multiple passes for color and shading. Aftercare instructions are provided to support healing.

Training and credentialing vary by country and region. Most tattooists complete an apprenticeship or formal program, learn aseptic technique, machine maintenance, and client communication, and obtain local licenses or permits. Shops are subject to health inspections and must follow regulations on sterilization, single-use components, waste disposal, and record-keeping.

Safety and ethics are central to the profession. Risks include infection, allergic reactions, and scarring. Proper hygiene, barrier protection, sterilization, and consent—often including age verification and disclosure of risks—are mandatory in reputable shops.

Historically, tattooing has diverse roots across cultures. In modern times, the profession has grown into a wide range of styles and applications, from traditional craft to contemporary art, with practitioners often collaborating with clients on personalized designs.