tandkaries

Tandkaries, commonly known as tooth decay or cavities, is a widespread dental disease that affects the hard tissues of teeth. It is caused by acids produced by bacteria in the mouth when they metabolize sugars and starches from food. These acids demineralize the tooth enamel, the protective outer layer of the tooth. If left untreated, the decay can progress deeper into the dentin and eventually reach the pulp, causing pain and infection.

The process of tooth decay begins with the formation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that adheres to the teeth. When sugars and carbohydrates are consumed, bacteria in the plaque convert them into acids. These acids then attack the enamel. Early stages of decay may not be visible, but as demineralization continues, a hole or cavity forms in the tooth. Symptoms can include tooth sensitivity, pain when biting, and visible holes or dark spots on the teeth.

Risk factors for developing tandkaries include poor oral hygiene, frequent consumption of sugary or acidic foods and drinks, dry mouth, and a lack of fluoride exposure. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and can help reverse early stages of decay. Prevention strategies focus on regular brushing and flossing to remove plaque, limiting sugar intake, and visiting a dentist for regular check-ups and professional cleanings. Dental sealants can also be applied to the chewing surfaces of back teeth to prevent decay. Treatment for cavities typically involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth and filling the resulting hole with dental materials.