tændingssystem

A tændingssystem, or ignition system, is a crucial component in internal combustion engines, responsible for initiating the combustion process. Its primary function is to generate a high-voltage electrical spark at the precise moment required to ignite the fuel-air mixture within the engine's cylinders. This ignition timing is critical for efficient engine operation and power output.

The basic components of a typical gasoline engine's tændingssystem include a battery, an ignition coil, a distributor (in older systems), spark plugs, and associated wiring. The battery provides the initial low-voltage current. This current is then stepped up to a very high voltage by the ignition coil, which acts as a transformer. In conventional systems, the distributor directs this high voltage to the correct spark plug at the right time. Modern vehicles often utilize electronic ignition systems, which replace the mechanical distributor with solid-state electronic controls, offering greater precision and reliability.

The spark plug itself is the final element, designed with a gap across which the high-voltage electricity jumps, creating a spark. This spark ignites the compressed fuel-air mixture, leading to the explosion that drives the piston. The timing of this spark is controlled by the engine's control unit, which considers various factors such as engine speed, load, and temperature to optimize performance and emissions. Variations in tændingssystem design exist between different engine types and manufacturers, but the fundamental principle of controlled electrical ignition remains consistent.