szívizomischemiát

Szívizomischemia, commonly referred to as myocardial ischemia, is a medical condition characterized by a reduced blood supply to the heart muscle. This diminished blood flow, often caused by narrowed or blocked coronary arteries, prevents the heart muscle from receiving adequate oxygen and nutrients. When the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen, it can lead to chest pain, known as angina, or in more severe cases, a heart attack (myocardial infarction).

The primary cause of coronary artery narrowing is atherosclerosis, a process where plaque builds up inside the arteries. Risk factors for atherosclerosis include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Genetics and age also play a role. Ischemia can manifest in various ways, from asymptomatic occurrences to severe, life-threatening events. Symptoms typically include a crushing or squeezing sensation in the chest, pain that may radiate to the arm, jaw, neck, or back, shortness of breath, and fatigue.

Diagnosis of szívizomischemia often involves an electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess the heart's electrical activity, blood tests to detect cardiac enzymes released during muscle damage, and imaging techniques such as echocardiography or stress tests. Treatment aims to restore blood flow to the heart muscle and manage underlying risk factors. This can include medications to improve blood flow, reduce heart rate and blood pressure, and prevent blood clots. In some cases, procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery may be necessary to open blocked arteries. Lifestyle modifications, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and smoking cessation, are crucial for preventing and managing the condition.