Szívizomischemia

Szívizomischemia, often referred to as myocardial ischemia, is a medical condition where there is a reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This reduction in blood supply means the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen. The most common cause of szívizomischemia is atherosclerosis, a build-up of plaque in the coronary arteries, which are the vessels that supply blood to the heart. This plaque narrows the arteries, making it difficult for blood to pass through.

Symptoms of szívizomischemia can vary. Chest pain, known as angina, is a hallmark symptom and can feel like pressure, squeezing, or fullness in the chest. This pain may radiate to the arm, jaw, neck, or back. Other symptoms can include shortness of breath, nausea, sweating, and dizziness. In some cases, particularly in women and individuals with diabetes, symptoms can be less typical or even absent, a condition known as silent ischemia.

Szívizomischemia can be temporary, resolving when blood flow is restored. However, if the reduced blood flow is severe or prolonged, it can lead to a heart attack, or myocardial infarction, where heart muscle tissue is damaged or dies. Diagnosis typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG), blood tests to check for cardiac enzymes, and imaging tests like an echocardiogram or stress test. Treatment aims to restore adequate blood flow to the heart muscle and prevent further damage. This can involve medications, lifestyle changes, angioplasty, or bypass surgery.