sunbathe

Sunbathe refers to lying or sitting in direct sunlight to expose the skin, typically to tan or warm the body. It is commonly done outdoors on beaches, lawns, or patios, and people may wear swimwear or light clothing.

UV radiation from the sun damages skin cells, leading to tanning, sunburn, photoaging, and increased cancer risk. Short-term effects include redness and warmth; long-term exposure raises the risks of melanoma and other skin cancers.

Health guidelines recommend limiting exposure, using broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher, applying regularly, wearing protective clothing, seeking shade, and avoiding peak sun hours (roughly 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.). Gradual tanning and hydration are advised.

Vitamin D synthesis can occur with limited sun exposure, but dietary sources and supplements often meet needs; excessive exposure is not necessary. Cultural attitudes toward tanning vary; in some eras tan is fashionable, while in others sun avoidance is emphasized.

Alternatives include indoor tanning devices and non-UV methods such as self-tanning products or sprays.