softdrinks

Soft drinks are non-alcoholic beverages that are typically carbonated and sweetened. They are flavored with fruit, herbs, or spices and usually contain acids such as phosphoric or citric acid, which provide tartness and act as preservatives. Common ingredients include water, sweeteners (sugar, corn syrup, or artificial sweeteners in diet forms), flavorings, colorings, and caffeine in many varieties.

Manufacturing involves purifying water, blending ingredients, carbonation, pasteurization, and packaging in bottles or cans. They are produced by beverage companies with extensive bottling networks and distributed worldwide. Major types include cola, lemon-lime, orange, ginger ale, and root beer, as well as fruit-flavored drinks. Diet and zero-calorie versions use non-caloric sweeteners to reduce energy content. Some products are non-carbonated fruit drinks and are sometimes grouped separately in markets.

Historically, carbonated water was developed in the 18th century by scientists such as Joseph Priestley and commercialized by Schweppes. The modern soft drink industry arose in the late 19th century with beverages including Coca-Cola (1886) and Pepsi (1893), leading to mass production and global distribution in the 20th century.

Regional naming conventions vary: in parts of North America, "soda" is common; in parts of the U.K. and Canada, "soft drink" or "fizzy drink" is used. Soft drinks are usually sold in PET plastic bottles or aluminum cans. They may be marketed as carbonated beverages, fruit-flavored drinks, or "light" variants with artificial sweeteners. Caffeinated variants are common, while decaffeinated options are also available.

Health considerations include links between high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and obesity, dental caries, and other health issues. Caffeine content varies by product. In many jurisdictions, labeling requirements, taxes, or advertising restrictions aim to address public health concerns, including added sugars disclosure and marketing to children.