sisterhood

Sisterhood is the sense of solidarity, kinship, and mutual support among women and people who identify as women. It encompasses interpersonal bonds among biological sisters, as well as broader affiliations based on shared experiences, identity, or goals. In feminist discourse, sisterhood refers to collective solidarity aimed at advancing gender equality and challenging patriarchy.

Etymology: The term derives from sister, from Old English sweostor, and has been used since the 19th century to describe women supporting each other. The concept has often extended beyond family to describe alliances within civil society, professions, and political movements.

Forms and applications: Notions of sisterhood include chosen sisterhood—friendships and mentorship networks formed across age, race, or class—along with organized groups such as women’s clubs, advocacy networks, and sororities. In many contexts, sisterhood implies mutual aid, emotional support, and collaboration in pursuing shared interests or objectives.

Significance and critiques: Sisterhood can strengthen social capital and collective action, including advocacy on reproductive rights, education, and health. Critics note that universal claims of sisterhood can obscure intra-group differences and power dynamics related to race, class, sexuality, and nationality. Inclusive practices seek to acknowledge intersectionality and avoid exclusion or essentialism.

In culture and history: The concept has shaped feminist movements, religious communities, and literary representations, where women encourage one another and challenge gender norms. Contemporary uses often emphasize solidarity across diverse identities to counter gender-based discrimination.