semnalistica

Semnalistica is the discipline of designing, producing, installing, and managing signs and signals used to convey information and guide behavior in built environments. It applies to roads, transit, public spaces, and private facilities, prioritizing clarity and rapid comprehension.

It includes traffic signs, road markings, directional signs, and interior wayfinding in airports, stations, hospitals, campuses, and malls. It relies on graphic design, typography, iconography, color coding, and standardized symbols to ensure legibility for diverse users, including people with visual or cognitive impairments.

Standards. Road signs generally follow international conventions, notably the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, with national adaptations. Safety signs align with ISO 7010 and ISO 3864. Local authorities set sizing, contrast, lighting, mounting, and maintenance rules. Accessibility considerations, such as tactile signs and high-contrast materials, are increasingly integrated.

Process. Core activities include signage strategy, system planning, sign and icon design, layout, material choices, illumination, and mounting. Field surveys, testing, and ongoing evaluation support adjustments to the system.

History and trends. The field has grown from ad hoc signage to standardized iconography and multilingual systems. Current trends include inclusive design, modular and digital signage, and sustainable materials.