scopula

Scopula is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae, within the subfamily Sterrhinae. It is one of the larger genera in Sterrhinae, comprising hundreds of described species that are distributed worldwide, with the greatest diversity in tropical regions.

Members of Scopula are typically small to medium-sized moths with slender bodies and wings. Wing patterns commonly include pale browns or grays with fine, wavy crosslines and sometimes a scalloped margin, providing camouflage against lichen- or bark-like backgrounds. At rest, they usually hold their wings flat or tented over the body.

The biology of Scopula species follows the general geometer moth pattern. Adults are mostly nocturnal, attracted to light. The larvae are inchworms (looping caterpillars) that feed on a wide range of plants, including trees, shrubs, and herbaceous vegetation, depending on the species.

Distribution and habitat vary by species; Scopula species inhabit forests, grasslands, scrub, and disturbed or agricultural areas. They occur on all continents except Antarctica, with the highest species richness in the tropics.

Taxonomy and phylogeny within Scopula have been subject to substantial revision. The genus is placed in the tribe Scopulini of the subfamily Sterrhinae; molecular studies and detailed morphology have reshaped relationships with related genera and led to reclassification of some species formerly placed in Scopula. See also Geometridae, Sterrhinae, Scopulini.