restlessleg

Restless Legs Syndrome, often abbreviated as RLS, is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, usually accompanied by uncomfortable sensations. These sensations are typically described as creeping, crawling, pulling, itching, or throbbing. The urge to move and the associated discomfort are most prominent when a person is at rest, such as when lying down or sitting, and are relieved temporarily by movement, like walking or stretching.

The symptoms of RLS often begin in the evening or at night, disrupting sleep and leading to insomnia. The severity can vary widely among individuals, ranging from mild annoyance to severe distress that significantly impacts quality of life. While the legs are most commonly affected, some people may experience similar sensations in their arms or other body parts.

The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve an imbalance of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain. Genetics also plays a role, as RLS tends to run in families. Secondary RLS can be associated with other conditions, including iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, kidney failure, and certain medications.

Diagnosis is typically based on a person's description of their symptoms and a medical history. There is no specific laboratory test for RLS, although tests may be performed to rule out other conditions or identify underlying causes like iron deficiency.

Treatment options for RLS aim to reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms. These can include lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding caffeine and alcohol, and regular exercise. Medications that affect dopamine levels or other neurotransmitters are also commonly prescribed. For individuals with iron deficiency, iron supplementation may be recommended.