reservedelsbehovet

Reservedelsbehovet is the estimated quantity of spare parts a company should keep in inventory to maintain operations and support maintenance over a defined time horizon. It encompasses both critical components that must be available to avoid downtime and consumables that wear out through use. The concept is central to maintenance planning, procurement, and logistics, helping to balance service levels with carrying costs.

Several factors influence reservedelsbehovet. Reliability and failure patterns (often summarized by MTBF or product life data), lead times for replenishment, and the desired service level determine how much stock is needed. The criticality of equipment, redundancy, obsolescence risk, supplier reliability, and budget constraints also shape the calculation. Variability in demand, maintenance schedules, and the potential for unplanned repairs contribute to safety stock requirements.

Calculation approaches typically combine expected demand during lead time with a safety stock buffer. A simple method uses historical usage data to forecast part demand and adds safety stock to cover variability and service targets. More advanced methods apply failure models (such as Weibull distributions) or use inventory optimization techniques (e.g., ABC analysis, service-level optimization, or MRP-based planning) to determine optimal stock levels.

Practical management includes segmenting parts by criticality and turnover, reviewing obsolescence risk, and considering vendor-managed inventory or supplier reliability agreements. Effective reservedelsbehovet supports operational continuity while controlling carrying costs, particularly in manufacturing, transportation fleets, and heavy industry.