reorientation

Reorientation is the process of changing orientation or realigning beliefs, priorities, or navigation after a change. It can refer to spatial reorientation, organizational reorientation, and personal or social reorientation. In each case, it involves restoring or establishing a usable frame of reference and a sense of direction in relation to an environment, system, or situation.

In cognitive science and psychology, reorientation describes how a person or animal updates internal representations of space when cues are altered or unreliable. Humans and animals use geometric information and landmarks to determine position and heading; when cues are misleading or scarce, reorientation strategies adapt through attention, memory, and learning.

In practical contexts, reorientation appears in urban planning and business, where organizations shift strategies, cultures, or structures to fit new goals. It also occurs in rehabilitation after injury or illness, relocation after migration, or after traumatic events, as individuals recalibrate identities and daily routines.

Common methods include providing clear orientation cues, updating maps or signage, guided navigation, training and coaching, and social support that helps people form new routines and expectations.

See also: orientation, adaptation, rehabilitation, change management.