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Reality show is a television genre that presents unscripted situations featuring real people rather than professional actors. Programs typically place participants in constructed environments or scenarios where interactions, challenges, or social dynamics drive the narrative. Although labeled unscripted, producers influence outcomes through editing, task design, and interview segments, shaping viewers’ perception of events while maintaining the appearance of spontaneity.

Its modern form emerged in the late 20th century, with early examples such as An American Family

Most reality programs rely on a combination of competition, observation, and social interaction. Production elements include

Reality television has attracted debate over manipulation, participant welfare, consent, and representation, as well as concerns

(1973)
and
The
Real
World
(1992)
cited
as
pioneers.
The
genre
gained
widespread
popularity
through
competition-focused
series
like
Survivor
(debut
2000)
and
Big
Brother
(Netherlands,
1999).
Since
then,
a
wide
range
of
formats—dating,
lifestyle,
and
social-experiment
shows—have
proliferated
in
markets
worldwide,
often
adapted
to
local
cultures
and
media
ecosystems.
casting,
on-site
filming,
confessionals,
and
editing
that
emphasizes
tension
or
humor.
The
format
may
be
a
competitive
game
with
prize
incentives
or
a
nonfiction-portrait
of
participants’
daily
lives,
sometimes
blending
both
approaches
across
a
season.
about
privacy
and
the
potential
effects
of
editing
on
public
perceptions.
Proponents
view
the
genre
as
social
mirror
and
entertainment
that
can
catalyze
global
franchises
and
career
opportunities
for
participants.