ravinto

Ravinto refers to the substances in food and drink that the human body uses to obtain energy, grow, repair tissues and regulate metabolism. In Finnish usage it covers all aspects of nourishment needed for health, development and functioning. A balanced ravinto provides macronutrients—carbohydrates, proteins and fats—as well as micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals, dietary fibre and adequate fluids. Energy is commonly expressed in kilojoules (kJ) or kilocalories (kcal).

Key components and dietary patterns emphasize variety and moderation. The main food groups typically recommended include fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, fish and other lean proteins, dairy products or fortified alternatives, and healthy fats. Intake of added sugars, salt and saturated fats should be limited. Adequate hydration through water and low-sugar beverages is important, and dietary fibre is encouraged through plant-based foods and whole grains.

Public health guidance for ravinto is provided by Finnish authorities, including THL (National Institute for Health and Welfare) and Luke, which publish official recommendations. These guidelines stress sustainable, culturally acceptable eating patterns that meet the population's needs across different life stages, from infancy to old age. They also provide practical tips for pregnant individuals, children, athletes and people with specific medical conditions.

Ravinto is a central topic in nutrition science and clinical practice. A sound ravinto supports growth and development, maintains health, and contributes to the prevention of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and micronutrient deficiencies. It is influenced by food safety, preparation methods and social factors, and is shaped by cultural, economic and environmental considerations.