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Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects some people who have psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, itchy, scaly patches. It can affect joints, tendons, and ligaments. The onset of psoriatic arthritis can occur at any age, but it most commonly appears between the ages of 30 and 50. Both men and women can develop the condition, and it affects people of all races and ethnicities.

The exact cause of psoriatic arthritis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues. Genetic factors and environmental triggers, such as infections, are thought to play a role.

Symptoms of psoriatic arthritis can vary greatly from person to person. Joint pain, stiffness, and swelling are common, often affecting joints in the fingers, toes, wrists, knees, and ankles. Some individuals may experience reduced range of motion and tenderness. Skin symptoms of psoriasis may also persist or worsen. Other potential symptoms include fatigue, inflammation of the eyes (uveitis), and inflammation of the spine (spondylitis).

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, review of medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans to assess joint inflammation. Blood tests may be used to rule out other conditions, as there is no specific test for psoriatic arthritis.

Treatment aims to manage symptoms, reduce inflammation, prevent joint damage, and improve quality of life. This may include medications like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologic agents, and JAK inhibitors. Physical therapy and occupational therapy can help maintain joint function and mobility. Lifestyle modifications, such as exercise and stress management, can also be beneficial.