presepe

A presepe, also known as a nativity scene or crèche, is a sculptural representation of the Nativity of Jesus. It typically depicts the infant Jesus in his manger, surrounded by his mother Mary, his foster father Joseph, shepherds, and wise men. Often, farm animals like oxen and donkeys are included, as well as angels and other figures from the biblical narrative.

Presepi originated in the Middle Ages, with early examples appearing in churches. Saint Francis of Assisi is credited with creating one of the earliest living nativity scenes in 1223 in Greccio, Italy. Over time, these scenes evolved from simple devotional objects to elaborate artistic creations.

The tradition of building presepi became particularly popular in Italy, especially in Naples, where intricate and highly detailed presepi are crafted. These Neapolitan presepi are renowned for their realism and the inclusion of numerous everyday characters alongside the sacred figures, creating a vibrant snapshot of 18th-century Neapolitan life.

Beyond Italy, the presepe tradition spread throughout Catholic countries, each developing its own regional variations and styles. In many households, particularly during the Christmas season, families assemble their own presepi, often passed down through generations. These scenes serve as a focal point for Christmas decorations and a reminder of the religious significance of the holiday. The construction and display of presepi remain a cherished cultural and religious practice.