poligami

Poligami is the practice of having more than one spouse at the same time. It is commonly categorized into polygyny, where a man has multiple wives; polyandry, where a woman has multiple husbands; and, in some cultures, group marriage. The practice has appeared in many societies across history and persists in some regions today, though it is not universal.

Polygyny is the most widespread form in historical and contemporary contexts. Polyandry is rare and documented in only a few cultures. Group marriages are uncommon. In many countries, polygamous unions are illegal or not recognized under civil law, while customary or religious practices may continue to influence marital arrangements in certain communities.

Legal status varies by country and is often tied to religious, cultural, and political factors. Some states regulate or restrict polygamous marriages, while others prohibit them entirely. In places where polygamy coexists with modern law, issues can arise around inheritance, custody, and contract recognition.

Religious and cultural norms influence practice. For example, some interpretations of Islam permit polygyny under specified conditions; other religious or ethnic traditions have their own customary rules. Critics argue that poligami can affect gender equality and the welfare of spouses and children, though supporters point to social, economic, or demographic justifications in particular settings.