policydevelopment
Policy development refers to the process by which governments and other public authorities identify problems, design policy options, and decide on actions to address public needs. It encompasses formulation, analysis, consultation, and decision making, but not routine administration or policy implementation. Effective policy development relies on clear problem definition, relevant evidence, and transparent decision processes, and seeks to balance efficiency, equity, resource constraints, and political feasibility.
Common stages include agenda setting, policy formulation, decision making or adoption, implementation planning, and evaluation. Problem
Analytical tools include cost-benefit analysis, regulatory impact assessment, and equity considerations. Policy instruments may be regulatory
Policy development spans regulatory, fiscal, social, and environmental domains. It is shaped by institutional context, legal
See also: policy analysis, public administration, governance, evidence-based policy.