pimeäkauteen

Pimeäkauteen, meaning "dark period" or "dark age" in Finnish, is a term used to describe a period of historical or cultural decline, stagnation, or ignorance. It is often contrasted with periods of enlightenment, progress, or flourishing. The concept of a "dark age" has been applied to various historical periods, most notably the Early Middle Ages in Western Europe, following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. This era was characterized by political fragmentation, economic disruption, and a perceived decline in learning and cultural achievements compared to the classical period.

However, the notion of a universal "dark age" is debated among historians. Many scholars argue that this labeling is an oversimplification and can be Eurocentric. They point out that while certain aspects of society may have declined in some regions, others experienced significant developments in areas like art, religion, and governance. For instance, the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic world continued to thrive intellectually and culturally during the same period often labeled as Europe's dark age.

The term "pimeäkauteen" can also be used more broadly to refer to any period where societal conditions are perceived as negative, such as a decline in human rights, economic hardship, or a suppression of knowledge and critical thinking. It is a subjective term and its application depends on the criteria used to define progress and decline.