pigmenttimalleiden

Pigmenttimalleiden is a term used in some contexts to refer to variations in the coloration of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). While the typical mallard exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism with the male (drake) displaying a vibrant green head, white collar, brown chest, and grey body, and the female (hen) exhibiting mottled brown plumage for camouflage, pigmenttimalleiden describes instances where these color patterns deviate from the norm. These deviations can include unusual color combinations, a lack of expected color, or even an absence of the typical sexual dimorphism.

These color variations are generally understood to be the result of genetic mutations. These mutations can affect the production or distribution of melanin (responsible for dark pigments) and carotenoids (responsible for reds and yellows), which are the primary pigments in bird plumage. For example, a mutation might lead to an overproduction of melanin, resulting in a darker than usual drake, or a reduced production, leading to paler coloration. In some cases, the mutation might cause an individual to appear more like the opposite sex, a phenomenon known as pseudo-hermaphroditism or sex reversal, though the underlying genetic cause is a pigment variation.

The term itself, "pigmenttimalleiden," appears to be of Finnish origin, combining "pigmentti" (pigment) and "malleiden" (of mallards). It is not a universally recognized scientific term but rather a descriptive label used in specific communities or regions to categorize these atypical mallard color morphs. Understanding pigmenttimalleiden helps ornithologists and bird enthusiasts appreciate the natural genetic diversity within a common species like the mallard.