phencyclidin

Phencyclidin, commonly known as PCP or by its street name "Angel Dust," is a dissociative anesthetic that was first synthesized in 1956. Originally developed for medical use as an anesthetic, it was later discontinued due to its severe side effects and potential for abuse. The chemical name for phencyclidin is 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine, and it belongs to the arylcyclohexylamine class of compounds.

Phencyclidin exerts its effects primarily by antagonizing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the brain, leading to disruptions in sensory perception, cognition, and motor function. In recreational use, PCP is known for producing distortions in perceptions of sight and sound, feelings of detachment from the environment and oneself, and hallucinations. Its psychological effects can range from euphoria to agitation, confusion, and violent behavior, often accompanied by analgesia and anesthesia.

The drug is usually encountered in powder form, which can be ingested, snorted, smoked, or injected. Due to its potent effects and unpredictability, PCP has a high potential for abuse and dependence. Overdose symptoms include elevated blood pressure, rapid breathing, hallucinations, seizures, and coma, which can be life-threatening if not promptly treated.

Legal regulations regarding phencyclidin vary worldwide, but it is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States, indicating a high potential for abuse with limited medical utility. Despite its initial medical use, PCP is now primarily associated with recreational drug use and overdose incidents.

Research continues into potential therapeutic applications of NMDA receptor antagonists, but phencyclidin itself remains a substance of concern due to its psychoactive properties and health risks.