overexfoliation

Overexfoliation is a condition in which the skin's surface is excessively removed or the skin barrier is disrupted due to exfoliating products or procedures. It reflects an imbalance between exfoliation and the skin's natural turnover, leading to impaired moisture retention and protection.

Common causes include physical scrubs with abrasive particles, chemical exfoliants such as alpha-hydroxy acids (glycolic, lactic) or beta-hydroxy acids (salicylic), enzymes, and the routine use of potent actives like retinoids at high frequency or concentration. Professional peels, microdermabrasion, or repeated at-home treatments can also contribute.

Symptoms include redness, burning or stinging, tightness, itching, and visible flaking or scaling. The skin may feel sensitive to touch, look dull, and react to products that were previously tolerated. In some cases, inflamed areas may worsen or cause breakouts as the barrier is damaged.

Barrier disruption can increase transepidermal water loss, cause dehydration, and heighten sensitivity to irritants and light. There is a higher risk of irritation or infection, and healing may be prolonged. Improper recovery can lead to temporary uneven skin tone.

Management involves stopping exfoliants, cleansing with a mild, fragrance-free product, and applying a barrier-supporting moisturizer enriched with ceramides, glycerin, and hyaluronic acid. Sun protection is essential during recovery. If the skin is very inflamed, a clinician may advise temporary avoidance of actives and targeted therapies.

When to seek help: if redness or burning persists for several days, if swelling, blistering, or signs of infection appear, or if symptoms fail to improve after a short rest period. A clinician can assess for dermatitis and recommend appropriate treatment.

Prevention: start with lower concentrations, patch-test new products, and follow directions. Avoid mixing multiple exfoliants and avoid using aggressive exfoliation with retinoids in the same routine. Use gentle cleansers and daily sunscreen.