ngengat

Ngengat is the Indonesian term for moths, insects of the order Lepidoptera that are distinct from butterflies. With thousands of species worldwide, moths form the larger, more diverse group within Lepidoptera and include many sizes, colors, and life histories. In general, moths are primarily nocturnal and can be identified by features such as their antennae (which are often feathery or filamentous in males), their tendency to rest with wings folded tent-like over the body, and a robust, furry body, though there are exceptions.

Most moths undergo complete metamorphosis: egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (cocoon or chrysalis), and adult. Eggs are laid on or near host plants; caterpillars feed on a wide range of vegetation and may become agricultural pests, while others are important herbivores in natural ecosystems. Adults often feed on nectar or on nothing at all and, as a group, many moths are attracted to light. Some species are crucial nocturnal pollinators.

Ecologically, moths serve as a food source for bats, birds, and other predators and contribute to nutrient cycling. Economically, some species have been reared for silk (for example, domesticated silkworms) or studied for pest management. In Indonesia, the ngengat fauna is particularly diverse due to tropical climate and archipelagic geography, with many endemic species.

Threats to moths include habitat loss, pesticides, and light pollution. Conservation of habitats and dark skies can help maintain moth diversity.