neopláziákat

Neoplázia, commonly referred to as a tumor, is an abnormal mass of tissue that results from cells that have grown and divided uncontrollably, even when they are not needed. This uncontrolled growth is a result of genetic mutations that affect the cell cycle, leading to a loss of normal regulatory mechanisms. Neoplázie can be benign or malignant. Benign neoplázie are non-cancerous; they do not invade surrounding tissues or spread to other parts of the body. While they can grow and cause problems by pressing on nearby structures, they are generally not life-threatening. Malignant neoplázie, on the other hand, are cancerous. They have the ability to invade nearby tissues and can metastasize, meaning they can spread through the bloodstream or lymphatic system to form secondary tumors in distant parts of the body. The development of neoplázia involves several stages, often starting with a single cell that undergoes genetic changes, followed by uncontrolled proliferation and potentially the acquisition of further mutations that enable invasion and metastasis. Risk factors for developing neoplázie vary depending on the type and can include genetic predisposition, exposure to carcinogens like tobacco smoke or certain viruses, radiation, and chronic inflammation. Diagnosis typically involves medical imaging, biopsies, and laboratory tests to determine the nature and extent of the growth. Treatment options depend on whether the neoplázia is benign or malignant, its location, and its stage, and can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapies.