nativegarden

Native garden, sometimes written as nativegarden, refers to a garden designed primarily with plant species that are indigenous to the local region. The emphasis is on native trees, shrubs, grasses, and wildflowers that have evolved in the local climate and soils, and that typically support local wildlife such as pollinators, birds, and small mammals. Native gardens can be contrasted with landscapes dominated by non-native ornamental species.

Benefits include lower water use, fewer fertilizers and pesticides, and greater resilience to local pests and weather. They support biodiversity, soil health, and ecological processes by aligning plant life cycles with the seasons and natural ecosystems. By integrating native flora with appropriate habitat features, such gardens can provide food and shelter for a range of species while maintaining a sense of place.

Design considerations include selecting locally sourced natives or ecotypes suited to sun, shade, soil type, and rainfall; employing layered planting to mimic natural habitats with trees, shrubs, perennials, and groundcovers; aiming for year-round interest through diverse bloom times and foliage; and incorporating water management practices such as mulch and, where appropriate, rain gardens or swales.

Maintenance and challenges involve establishment taking several seasons and ongoing management to control invasive species and weeds. Availability of native plants varies by region, and some species may be slow to establish or require specific conditions. Local native-plant societies and extension services often provide guidance and plant lists.

Regional context: native gardening is promoted by sustainable landscaping programs worldwide and is linked to efforts to conserve pollinators, biodiversity, and water resources.