nativeplant

Native plants are species that occur naturally in a particular region or ecosystem and were not introduced by human activity. They have evolved alongside local climate, soils, and wildlife. A plant may be native to a broad region (for example, a prairie in the Great Plains) or endemic to a narrower area (found only on a single mountain slope). Native and nonnative terms can be confusing: native refers to natural occurrence, while endemic emphasizes geographic restriction.

Ecological role: Native plants support local biodiversity by providing food and habitat for native insects, birds, and other wildlife. Their adaptations typically suit regional rainfall and soils, contributing to soil stabilization, water infiltration, and reduced erosion. Native flora often coevolve with pollinators, so they can improve pollination networks and resilience to pests and disease.

Use in landscapes: Native plantings are used in gardens, parks, and restoration projects to conserve biodiversity, reduce water use, and lower maintenance once established. When selecting native species, consider site conditions (sun, soil, moisture), growth form, bloom times, and potential invasiveness in nearby habitats. Mix of woody and herbaceous species can provide year-round structure and interest.

Management and challenges: Native plantings may require initial irrigation and ongoing pruning during establishment. They can compete with weedy species and may face pressures from invasive non-native plants and climate change. Local extension services or native-plant societies can provide region-specific lists of suitable species and best practices.