myelodysplastiske
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal bone‑marrow disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, dysplasia
The aetiology of MDS is multifactorial. Age‑related genetic instability, exposure to alkylating agents, radiation, or benzene,
Clinically, patients present with fatigue, infections, bleeding, or pallor, reflecting anemia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia. Physical signs
Risk stratification relies on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification and the International Prognostic Scoring System