multieffect

Multieffect, or multieffect processor, is an audio processing device that combines multiple effects into a single signal path. It enables applying more than one effect at once and often allows flexible routing, such as serial chains, parallel paths, or effect loops. Multieffects can be hardware units, including floor pedalboards and rack-mounted processors, or software plugins that run inside a digital audio workstation. They are used to create complex tones and textures across guitar, bass, keyboard, and studio production contexts.

Typical components include a bank of effect blocks (distortion, compression, modulation, delay, reverb, gating, and filters), a routing matrix or switchable signal paths, control interfaces (footswitches, knobs, or touch screens), preset memory, and often amp or cabinet simulations. Advanced units offer MIDI control, expression input, configurable input/output routing, and preset morphing. Some multieffects also feature auto-wah, pitch shifting, and dynamics processing.

Usage considerations include the advantages of a consolidated hardware footprint, cost efficiency relative to purchasing multiple standalone effects, and rapid preset recall for live performance or production workflows. Potential drawbacks include higher upfront cost than individual pedals, possible latency or quality tradeoffs, less tactile experimentation compared with daisy-chaining pedals, and power or heat constraints in compact units. In software, CPU load and compatibility with hosts and sample rates are important factors.

See also: effects processor, guitar pedal, digital audio workstation, amp modeler.