lõpetamisega

Lõpetamisega is a Estonian instrumental construction formed from the noun lõpetamine (finishing, completion) with the instrumental suffix -ga. It translates roughly as “by finishing” or “with completion” and is used to indicate the means, manner, or method by which an action occurs.

Morphology and formationality: The word is created by taking the genitive of lõpetamine, lõpetamise, and adding -ga to form the instrumental case, yielding lõpetamisega. In Estonian, this instrumental form serves to express that the described action is carried out through finishing or completing something. It typically appears in formal or procedural contexts.

Usage and functions: Lõpetamisega denotes the manner or means of achieving a result, often in legal, administrative, or project-related language. It is commonly found in phrases such as lõpetamisega seotud (related to finishing/completion) or lõpetamisega seotud kulud (costs related to completion). It can also occur in clauses describing how a process proceeds or is assessed, for example, “Leping saavutati lõpetamisega seotud tingimuste täitmise kaudu” (The contract was achieved through fulfilling completion conditions), although simpler renders are more common in everyday usage.

Context and register: Lõpetamisega tends to appear in formal or technical texts, contractual language, and official documentation. In everyday Estonian, speakers may prefer more direct expressions like läbi lõpetamise or lõpetamise teel, depending on stylistic choice and clarity.

Etymology and related forms: The word stems from the verb lõptama (to finish) and the noun lõpetamine (the act of finishing). Related terms include lõpetamine (finishing, completion) and lõpetamismeetodid (methods of finishing). See also related constructions formed with other nouns to express means, such as abil, koos, or läbi + participial forms.

See also: finishing, completion, instrumental case in Estonian, related grammatical constructions.