luxationer

Luxationer are the plural form of luxation in medical terminology, used in several languages to denote dislocations. Luxation refers to the displacement of a bone from its joint or of a tooth from its socket. Luxations can be complete, with loss of contact between articular surfaces, or incomplete (subluxation), with partial misalignment. They can involve joints such as the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, or jaw, and dental luxation concerns displacement of a tooth within its socket, including extrusion, intrusion, or lateral luxation.

Causes are typically acute trauma, such as falls, sports injuries, or vehicle crashes; predisposing factors include joint laxity, connective tissue disorders, or osteoporosis. Symptoms include visible deformity, severe pain, swelling, instability, and limited movement. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI) to assess alignment and detect associated fractures or soft tissue injury.

Treatment aims to restore alignment and function. Many joint luxations require prompt closed reduction under analgesia or sedation, followed by immobilization and rehabilitation. If reduction is not possible, or if there are associated fractures, surgical intervention may be needed. Dental luxations are managed by repositioning the tooth, splinting, monitoring pulp vitality, and, if indicated, endodontic treatment or extraction.

Prognosis varies by joint and injury severity, but prompt management improves outcomes. Potential complications include recurrent dislocations, post-traumatic arthritis, nerve or blood vessel injury, and, in dental cases, pulp necrosis. The term luxationer appears in languages that pluralize luxation as luxationer, and is mainly encountered in clinical and academic contexts.