lipidihäiriöille

Lipidihäiriö, known in English as dyslipidemia or lipid disorder, refers to an abnormal level of lipids in the blood. Lipids are fatty substances, including cholesterol and triglycerides, that are essential for various bodily functions but can become harmful in excess. High levels of certain lipids, particularly LDL cholesterol (often called "bad" cholesterol) and triglycerides, are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke. Conversely, low levels of HDL cholesterol (often called "good" cholesterol) are also considered a risk factor.

Dyslipidemia can be caused by a combination of genetic factors (familial hypercholesterolemia) and lifestyle choices. Diet, physical inactivity, obesity, and smoking are significant contributors. Certain medical conditions like diabetes, hypothyroidism, and kidney disease can also lead to lipid abnormalities.

Diagnosis is typically made through a blood test called a lipid panel, which measures total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Treatment strategies aim to lower harmful lipid levels and increase beneficial ones. Lifestyle modifications are the cornerstone of management, including adopting a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking. In cases where lifestyle changes are insufficient, medication such as statins, fibrates, or niacin may be prescribed by a healthcare professional to effectively manage the lipid disorder and reduce cardiovascular risk.