leonurine

Leonurine is a natural constituent isolated from plants of the Leonurus genus, most notably Leonurus cardiaca (common motherwort) and Leonurus japonicus (Chinese motherwort). It is one of the bioactive compounds associated with the traditional use of these plants in cardiovascular and gynecological remedies. Leonurine has been detected in aerial parts of the plants and various herbal preparations derived from them.

In pharmacology and pharmacognosy literature, leonurine has been reported to exhibit a range of biological activities in preclinical studies. Reported effects include vasorelaxation, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions, and modulation of platelet function. Some studies suggest cardioprotective properties in models of ischemia and oxidative stress. Proposed mechanisms include involvement of nitric oxide pathways and other signaling processes, although results vary and human data are limited.

Clinical evidence supporting specific health claims for leonurine in humans is not well established. There are few well-controlled trials, and the quality and consistency of data vary. As a result, leonurine-containing preparations are generally considered within the realm of traditional or complementary medicine rather than established pharmaceuticals.

Safety and regulatory status also vary by country. Use during pregnancy is generally approached with caution due to potential uterotonic effects attributed to motherwort species. Possible interactions with anticoagulants or other cardiovascular drugs have not been fully characterized. Because of limited clinical data and variability in product quality, individuals should use leonurine-containing products under professional guidance and refer to local regulatory recommendations.