leerfeedback

Leerfeedback is feedback provided to learners about their learning process and outcomes with the aim of improving understanding, skills and strategies. It is typically formative, timely, specific, and aligned with defined learning goals and criteria. The emphasis is on guiding future improvement rather than assigning a final grade, and it often includes concrete next steps.

Effective leerfeedback comprises content feedback (what was learned), process feedback (how it was learned), and self-regulation feedback (how the learner can plan, monitor, and adjust). It can be delivered by teachers, peers, or through self-assessment and digital tools. To be actionable, feedback should identify strengths, gaps, and clear actions, and it should relate to rubrics or exemplars.

Delivery formats vary: oral comments, written notes, annotated work, audio or video feedback, and digital dashboards. The term 'feedforward' is sometimes used to emphasize guidance for future work. Timeliness, specificity, and constructiveness are key; feedback should avoid demotivating language and focus on growth opportunities.

Leerfeedback supports formative assessment and a learning culture where students actively use feedback to adjust strategies. Potential challenges include misinterpretation, cognitive overload, biases, limited student motivation, and time constraints for teachers. Effective implementation requires clear criteria, structured opportunities for feedback and revision, and ongoing teacher development.

Applications span classroom, online, and hybrid settings. When integrated with assessment design, feedback cycles become iterative loops that connect goals, evidence, feedback, and revision. The ultimate aim is to help learners become more autonomous and capable of evaluating their own progress.