lasertracker

A lasertracker is a portable metrology instrument used to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of a target reflector with high accuracy over relatively long distances. It combines a laser rangefinder with angular encoders to compute the position of a retroreflective target within the instrument’s coordinate system.

Operation relies on projecting a laser beam to a retroreflector. The distance to the reflector is measured by the rangefinder, while the azimuth and elevation angles are provided by the instrument’s rotating axes. By combining range and angles, the system computes the target’s precise position. Many lasertrackers offer a dynamic tracking mode that maintains a lock on a moving target, enabling continuous measurement during relocation or assembly.

Typical components include the laser rangefinder, high-precision encoders, a stabilizing optical assembly, and software for data capture and alignment. The measurement target is usually a retroreflector or corner cube that reflects the beam back to the instrument. Some configurations include handheld probes or lightweight freestanding supports to facilitate measurements in large workspaces.

Applications cover large-scale metrology tasks in aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding, power generation, and ground or plant construction. Common uses are part alignment, assembly verification, machine calibration, and geometric alignment of large structures or facilities. The technique complements other metrology tools such as coordinate measuring machines and laser scanners.

Performance depends on distance and target reflectivity, but lasertrackers typically provide high accuracy over tens of meters and support real-time tracking for moving targets. Limitations include requirements for an unobstructed line of sight, environmental sensitivity, and the need for proper calibration and target maintenance. Related equipment and concepts include laser-based scanning and photogrammetry.