largeformat

Large-format is a term used in photography and printing to describe formats larger than standard small-gauge formats. In photography it commonly refers to sheet film sizes such as 4x5 inches, 5x7, 8x10, and larger. In printing it refers to printers and media capable of producing prints wider than typical consumer printers, such as banners and posters.

In photography, large-format cameras use sheet film loaded into holders; they are usually mounted on tripods and feature movement controls such as rise, fall, shift, tilt, and swing, which allow control of perspective and the plane of focus. The resulting images are known for high resolution and tonal depth, but the format demands careful exposure, meticulous development, and longer workflow.

In printing, large-format printers include inkjet devices capable of printing on wide media up to several feet in width. Common substrates include photographic paper, canvas, vinyl, and backlit films. They rely on color management, high-resolution RIP software, and can produce signs, posters, and gallery prints with extended color gamuts and durability.

Historically, large-format photography emerged in the 19th century with glass plate and metal plate processes, and later sheet-film systems that offered greater detail and control. Large-format printing grew with advances in wide-format inkjet technology in the late 20th century, enabling professional workflows for fine art reproduction, advertising, and architectural documentation.

Practical considerations include size and weight, cost, slower shooting or printing timelines, and the need for careful handling and storage of film or media. Scanning or digitizing large-format negatives or prints also requires appropriate equipment and workflows.