kvarteto

Kvarteto is a term used in several languages to denote a group of four performers or a composition written for four parts. In music, a kvarteto typically refers to a quartet, either instrumental or vocal, and may include string quartets (two violins, a viola, and a cello), woodwind quartets, brass quartets, or piano quartets (piano plus violin, viola, and cello). A vocal kvarteto refers to a four-singer ensemble, often performing in close harmony, such as in barbershop or gospel styles. The term can also describe a piece for four performers, usually in a four-movement classical form.

The concept of the quartet emerged in the 18th century with the evolution of the string quartet, notably in the works of early composers who established the standard four-movement structure and four-player format. In other traditions, quartets may be improvised or arranged for varying instrumentation, including jazz quartets and contemporary ensemble configurations.

Etymology: The word kvarteto is derived from the Italian quartetto, itself from Latin quartus meaning fourth, with cognates appearing in many European languages (for example Russian kvartet, German Quartett). In languages using the spelling kvarteto, the form is used to describe both ensembles and musical compositions for four performers.

In broader use, kvarteto can also denote any group of four individuals collaborating in art, theater, or film, though the term is most commonly tied to music and performing arts.