kvaliteedikontroll

Kvaliteedikontroll, commonly translated as quality control, is a systematic set of activities designed to ensure that products or services conform to defined quality requirements. It focuses on detecting defects and deviations at different stages of production or service delivery through planned inspections, measurements, and tests. Quality control is typically part of a broader quality management framework that also includes activities aimed at preventing defects and supporting continuous improvement.

Common methods include statistical process control, sampling plans, inspection and testing, calibration, and measurement systems analysis. Control charts monitor process variation over time, while capability indices such as Cp and Cpk assess whether a process can meet specification limits. Acceptance sampling determines whether a batch should be accepted or rejected based on a sample. When problems are detected, corrective actions are taken, and feedback is used to adjust processes or equipment.

Applications span manufacturing, construction, software development, healthcare, and service industries. Quality control activities can occur at multiple stages: incoming material inspection, in-process quality checks, final product inspection, and post-delivery testing or audits. Documentation, traceability, and record-keeping are important for accountability and compliance.

Quality control is part of broader frameworks such as ISO 9000, Six Sigma, and Total Quality Management. The goal is not only to detect defects but to prevent them by designing processes that are capable, repeatable, and measurable. With advances in automation and data analytics, quality control increasingly relies on real-time monitoring, automated inspection, and integrated data systems.