kollisionrisicos

Kollisionrisikos refers to the probability that two or more objects following potential trajectories will occupy the same space at the same time, resulting in damage, injury, or loss. The term is used in domains such as road and air transportation, maritime navigation, space traffic management, and industrial automation. In practice, risk is often expressed as the probability of a collision within a specified time frame, combined with the expected consequences to yield a risk level.

Assessment and metrics: A common approach defines risk as P(col) times C, where P(col) is the estimated probability of a collision and C is the consequence or severity. Estimation relies on tracking data, trajectory forecasting, sensor accuracy, and uncertainty. Risk is influenced by exposure (how long and how many objects are in potential collision paths), threat detectability, and the ability to execute a corrective action.

Mitigation: Strategies include preventing close approaches through design and rules, early detection and communication, and active avoidance systems. Examples: traffic separation and speed limits, collision avoidance systems (such as TCAS in aviation and AIS/ADS‑B in maritime), and automatic braking or maneuvering assistance. In space, conjunction assessments and deconfliction maneuvers are used. In road, rail, and maritime contexts, adherence to regulations and improvements in infrastructure reduce risk.

See also: collision avoidance, risk assessment, traffic safety.