kinematikus

Kinematikus is an adjective used in physics and related fields to describe things related to kinematics, the branch of mechanics that studies the motion of bodies without reference to the causes of motion (forces and torques).

Kinematics describes position, displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time, often using coordinate systems and frames of reference. In practice, kinematic analyses model how objects move under given initial conditions, focusing on the geometry of motion rather than its causes.

A common toolkit includes equations of motion for linear and rotational movement. For linear motion with constant acceleration, displacement s, initial position s0, initial velocity v0, and acceleration a satisfy s = s0 + v0 t + 1/2 a t^2, v = v0 + a t, and v^2 = v0^2 + 2 a (s − s0). For rotation, angle θ, angular velocity ω, and angular acceleration α obey θ = θ0 + ω0 t + 1/2 α t^2, ω = ω0 + α t, and ω^2 = ω0^2 + 2 α (θ − θ0).

Kinematic methods underpin forward kinematics, which compute the end position from joint parameters, and inverse kinematics, which determine joint configurations to reach a desired endpoint. They are essential in robotics, computer graphics, biomechanics, vehicle dynamics, and animation.

In Hungarian usage, kinematikus can describe concepts, models, or analyses that are based on kinematics. The term sits alongside kinematika for the field and kinematikus properties or methods derived from kinematics. Limitations: kinematics does not address forces or mass; to predict motion under forces one uses dynamics, and relativistic kinematics considers transformations between frames at high speeds.