kasvajates

Kasvajates is a term used in some Baltic languages to refer to neoplasms, commonly called tumors. It encompasses benign and malignant growths arising from abnormal cell proliferation. In medical usage, kasvajates may occur in any tissue or organ and can vary greatly in behavior, from slow-growing benign lesions to highly invasive cancers.

Classification: Kasvajates can be categorized as benign or malignant. Benign kasvajates, such as fibromas and adenomas, tend not to invade nearby tissues or metastasize. Malignant kasvajates, or cancers, include carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematologic malignancies, and they can invade surrounding structures and spread to distant sites.

Etiology and risk factors: Causes are multifactorial and context-specific. Genetic mutations, environmental exposures (radiation, carcinogens), viral infections, chronic inflammation, and lifestyle factors can contribute. Some kasvajates have inherited predispositions.

Clinical features and diagnosis: Presentation depends on location and size; symptoms may include a palpable mass, pain, fatigue, or organ dysfunction. Diagnosis relies on imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI), and definitive diagnosis is typically via biopsy with histopathology and, when relevant, molecular testing.

Management and prognosis: Treatment is tailored to type, stage, and patient factors. Options include surgical removal, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy. Benign kasvajates generally have excellent outcomes after removal; malignant kasvajates require staged treatment and have variable prognoses depending on stage and biology.

See also: Oncology, Neoplasm, Tumor.